Pakistan's Progress

Living in Ungoverned Space: Pakistans Frontier Crimes Regulation

Why do substantial swathes of territory remain ungoverned for long periods of time? We explore this question using a unique set of legal institutions in Pakistan that clearly demarcate spaces that are to be left ungoverned. During colonial rule, the British divided Pakistan into two distinct regions. The first was the Raj, where the British built modern political and bureaucratic institutions. ...

Recent Progress in Allergen Immunotherapy

The efficacy of allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis with or without seasonal bronchial asthma and anaphylaxis caused by the sting of the hymenoptera class of insects has been clearly demonstrated in numerous well-designed, placebo-controlled trials. Immunotherapy whether by subcutaneous injection of allergen extract or by oral/sublingual routes modifies peri...

Slow progress--but progress nonetheless.

Progress of Membrane Engineering for Water Treatment

Together with the supply of energy and the environmental protection, fresh water is one of the three keys elements for the sustainable development of every society. Where the availability of water cannot be carried out by using conventional sources, unavoidable appears the resort of the major water source: the sea. Today, RO is one the most used membrane processes for the production of fresh wa...

E-Banking Progress Index (E-BPI)

The technological revolution has spread over today's world, and it is clearly seen in banking, especially electronic banking. E-Banking has many dimensions, criteria, and components, and judging its progress based on dimensions leads to difficulty and bias. There is also a lack of comprehensive information references in the literature. Therefore, introducing a combinational index to accurately ...